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Need To Know > U.K News > Lost castle rediscovered after 800 years – and it was once home to kings
Forgotten 800-year-old castle uncovered at Finlaggan on Islay - archaeologists say medieval fortress once housed kings and later became power base of the Lords of the Isles.
U.K News

Lost castle rediscovered after 800 years – and it was once home to kings

Sam Coffey
Last updated: September 18, 2025 11:29 am
Sam Coffey Published September 18, 2025
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Visualisation of the castle at Finlaggan. (Jam Press/David Simon)
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A forgotten castle dating back more than 800 years has been uncovered – and experts believe it was once home to kings.

Archaeologists say the medieval fortress at Finlaggan, on Islay, may have belonged to rulers who controlled vast parts of western Scotland, including the Hebrides, Argyll and the north-west Highlands.

The stronghold sat across two tiny islands in Loch Finlaggan, with a stone tower keep on one and courtyards, kitchens, workshops, homes, a chapel and even a great feasting hall on the other.

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It later became the power base of the Lords of the Isles – mighty MacDonald clan chiefs who treated English and Scottish monarchs as equals and were serious rivals to the Stewart dynasty.

Archaeologists believe the rectangular tower, similar to those found at Carlisle and Bamburgh in England, was built to showcase wealth and power in the 12th or 13th century.

Forgotten 800-year-old castle uncovered at Finlaggan on Islay - archaeologists say medieval fortress once housed kings and later became power base of the Lords of the Isles.
Finlaggan. (Jam Press/Open Virtual Worlds at University of St Andrews)

But it was later dismantled, possibly after collapsing or being attacked, as reported by Need To Know.

Dr David Caldwell, author of a new book published with the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, said: “I am privileged to have led a skilled and dedicated team of specialists and volunteers on such an important project on a key place of national significance.

Forgotten 800-year-old castle uncovered at Finlaggan on Islay - archaeologists say medieval fortress once housed kings and later became power base of the Lords of the Isles.
Remains of the castle at Finlaggan. (Jam Press/Dr David Caldwell FSAScot)

“The processing of all the data that was gathered has been a major part of my life since the 1990s, and I hope I have not only provided an account of interest but also a basis for others to carry out more research in the future.”

Finlaggan went on to serve as the palace of the Lords of the Isles during the 14th and 15th centuries, from where they launched raids across mainland Scotland – even targeting Urquhart Castle on Loch Ness.

Dr Helen Spencer, of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, said: “Our mission is to share knowledge of the past as widely as possible – and Finlaggan is a hugely important part of Scotland’s story.”

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Forgotten 800-year-old castle uncovered at Finlaggan on Islay - archaeologists say medieval fortress once housed kings and later became power base of the Lords of the Isles.
A cobbled path at Finlaggan. (Jam Press/Dr David Caldwell FSAScot)
Forgotten 800-year-old castle uncovered at Finlaggan on Islay - archaeologists say medieval fortress once housed kings and later became power base of the Lords of the Isles.
Visualisation of later medieval Finlaggan. (Jam Press/David Simon)
Forgotten 800-year-old castle uncovered at Finlaggan on Islay - archaeologists say medieval fortress once housed kings and later became power base of the Lords of the Isles.
Map of the Western Isles with the location of Islay and Finlaggan. (Jam Press/Dr David Caldwell FSAScot)
Forgotten 800-year-old castle uncovered at Finlaggan on Islay - archaeologists say medieval fortress once housed kings and later became power base of the Lords of the Isles.
A council chamber at Finlaggan. (Jam Press/Dr David Caldwell FSAScot)

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